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Violet Diode-Assisted Photoporation and Transfection of Cells
Various methods for transfecting molecules such as DNA, RNA, proteins, or drugs with high efficiency and low toxicity have been implemented and optimized for many different cell types. These include widely used techniques such as chemical transfection (lipid-based techniques), the use of viral vectors and electroporation.
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Effective Delivery of siRNA Targeted against Human Papillomavirus Oncogenes
Small inhibitory RNAs (siRNAs) have proven to be valuable tools for knocking down the expression of specific genes. siRNAs exhibit a high degree of specificity and have important medical implications, such as selective oncogene repression in cancer (1). Our research is focused on studies of human papillomaviruses (HPVs) and their roles in cervical carcinogenesis. A subset of the so-called high-risk HPVs is etiologically associated with cervical cancer, with over 97% of such cancers testing positive for high-risk HPV genomic DNA (2). The viral oncogenes E6 and E7 are expressed in all cells of the primary and metastatic tumor, and sustained E6/E7 expression is required for carcinogenesis. The E6 proteins encoded by the high-risk HPVs are known to degrade the p53 tumor suppressor, while the E7 proteins inhibit and degrade the retinoblastoma (Rb) tumor suppressor family proteins.
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Regulatory Gaps Regarding Sugars Used in Injectable Biopharmaceuticals
The sugars used to stabilize lyophilized proteins often have not
been subjected to appropriate cGMP standards. In the rapidly evolving biopharmaceuticals industry, technical developments frequently outpace regulatory developments. One such area is in current good manufacturing practice (cGMP) guidelines for the manufacture of excipient sugars used to stabilize lyophilized proteins for injectable biopharmaceutical drugs.
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Facility Design and Expansion: Commissioning for Innovation
Once guiding principles are identified, designers can explore the
most cost-effective methods for delivering a flexible, expandable
site. A modern biotechnology facility resembles a living organism, constantly evolving and changing. As research programs change, so do the requirements for equipment, staff, and laboratory space.
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